Shabaka

Egyptian History Late Kingdom Home

Shabaka
Rule721 - 707 BC.
PredecessorBrother Piye
Dynasty25th
ConsortsMesbat and Qalhata
Capital cityThebes
AchievementsCompleted reunification of Egypt
Burialsmall Pyramid in el-Kurru
SuccesorNephew Shebitku

  • Pharaoh Shabaka was from Nubia.
  • Shabaka consolidated the Nubian control over all of Egypt from Nubia down to the Delta region
  • Though Piye chose to govern from Napata, Shabaka instead ruled from Thebes.
  • It should be noted that the Egyptians did not treat these Nubians as foreign invaders but rather as close allies; the vast similarities in culture would readily explain this.
  • During his reign, he undertook some building projects. The Fourth Pylon at Karnak has an inscription that tells of his restoration of the gate. He also started work on the second pylon in front of the temple of Thutmose III at Medinet Habu. He also promoted a return to ancient religious customs like pyramid burials.
  • Shabaka's sister, Amunirdis I held a position that was very important politically as well as religiously. She was called "god's wife of Amun" at Thebes. Her funerary temple was at Medinet Habu and was in front of the temple of Ramses III.
  • He is probably best known for the Shabaka Stone. This is a stone with the information of Memphite beliefs carved on it. The stone was commissioned by Shabaka when it was found that the only information left of the Memphite beliefs was on a deteriorating piece of papyrus. The idea of the stone was to preserve the Egyptian Memphite belief system forever. Unfortunately the stone was later used as a mill stone and parts of the text are illegible.